RESISTANCE STATUS AND MECHANISM OF Aedes aegypti AGAINST THREE CLASSES OF INSECTICIDES IN SALATIGA CITY, INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17501/24246735.2022.7108Keywords:
Resistance, Aedes aegypti, Salatiga, InsecticideAbstract
Insecticide resistance is a major problem in dengue vector control in Indonesia. Salatiga
City, one of Central Java's dengue-endemic areas, has been using insecticide for vector
control for decades. To select the insecticide used, it is necessary to understand the status
and mechanism of resistance to various insecticides. This study aimed to determine the
status and mechanism of Aedes aegypti resistance in Salatiga City. This study used a
descriptive method. Larvae were collected from 8 endemic villages in Salatiga City. The
larvae were then reared to produce adult mosquitoes. A resistance test was conducted
using the WHO-Impregnated paper method on F1 mosquitoes. The insecticides used for
the test were malathion 5%, phenytotrione 1% (Organophosphate); Bendiocarb 0.1%,
Propoxur 0.1% (Carbamate); Lambda Cyhalothrin 0.03%, Deltamethrin 0.05%,
Permethrin 0.25%, and Cypermethrin 0.05.% (Pyretrhoid). To determine the resistance
mechanism of the target site mutation, sequencing of the Domain II VGSC and ACE1
genes was carried out. The test results showed that Ae. aegypti from 8 locations were
resistant to all insecticides. The highest mortality after 24 hours observation was on
organophosphate group. Molecular tests showed that Single Nucleotide Polymorphism had
occurred in the S989P and V1016G alleles of the VGSC gene, indicating molecular
resistance to Pyretrhoid insecticides. The ACE1 gene sequences showed no mutations in
the G119S allele, indicating the possibility of metabolic resistance to organophosphates
and carbamates. In case of a dengue outbreak, it is recommended to use organophosphate
because it has the highest percentage of mosquito mortality, and only metabolic resistance
occurs without target site mutations.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Muhammad Choirul Hidajat, Riyani Setyaningsih , Yusnita Mirna Anggraeni, Wiwik Trapsilowati, Triwibowo Ambar Garjito
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