IDENTIFICATION OF SPRING WHEAT GERMPLASM RESISTANT TO POLLUTION OF COPPER AND LEAD FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECOLOGICALLY CLEAN TECHNOLOGY

Abstract

The creation and usage of technologically resistant breeds of agricultural plants in production is an effective way of solving the problem of soil contamination by heavy metals. At the first stage of this process it’s necessary to study the gene pool of cultural and wild-growing plants and to allocate forms which accumulate the minimum quantity of pollutants in a commodity part of a harvest. Objects of an experiment are various spring wheat genotypes from a collection of East Kazakhstan agricultural scientific research institute. During the research growth indicators were identified, the index of tolerance of plants was calculated, as well as the regularity of accumulation and distribution of heavy metals on spring wheat bodies in the conditions of the increased contamination of the environment have been studied. Screening of spring wheat breeds in the laboratory conditions allowed to identify resistant and sensitive genotypes. By indicators of sprouts and roots’ growth, the genotype GEK 2082/1 was the most resistant to the influence of lead. The genotype Lutescens 718 – is the least resistant genotype. By indicators of sprouts and roots’ growth, the genotype GEK 2077/1 was the most resistant genotype to the influence of copper. The least resistant genotype is GEK 2033/5.