SOCIOECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF MATERNAL ANEMIA
A DISAGGREGATED LEVEL ANALYSIS FROM ASSAM, INDIA
Keywords:
Maternal Anemia, Social Context,Dietary Supplementary, Iron Bioavailability.Abstract
This study examines socio-economic determinants associated with maternal mortality at disaggregated level in Assam, the state with highest maternal mortality ratio in India. An extensive door-to-door household survey was carried out during 2014-15 using multistage sampling to select villages in districts with high number of reported maternal deaths. The samples consist of currently pregnant women, mother with children 0-24 months and members of families who have experienced of maternal death. The study reveals that prevailing incidences of maternal mortality and maternal complications are the result of maternal anemia. Maternal complications are more likely to be associated with lower concentration of hemoglobin level, which is a proxy for maternal anemia. In addition, concentration of hemoglobin level is positively related to socioeconomic factors-literacy, land ownershipand habitat/occupation of the sample population. As a policy prescription, such findings should encourage the policymakers to identify context specific determinants of maternal anemia for appropriate interventions, instead of ‘one-size-fits-all’ type of approach
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Ali, A. A., Rayis, D. A., Abdallah, T. M., Elbashir, M. I., & Adam, I, 2011, Severe anaemia is associated with a higher risk for preeclampsia and poor perinatal outcomes in Kassala hospital, eastern Sudan. BMC Research Notes,4 (311), 1-5.
Balasubramanian, T., Aravazhi, M., & Sampath, S. D., 2016, Awareness of Anemia among Pregnant Women and Impact of Demographic Factors on their Hemoglobin Status. International Journal of Scientific Study, 3(2), 303-305.
Beard, J. L., 2000, Effectiveness and strategies of iron supplementation during pregnancy. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 71( Suppl. 1), 1288S-1294S.
Bora, G., Barman, S., & Barman, J. D., 2015, Maternal Anaemia: A Prevailing Burden In Assam, India. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences,14(3), 42-47.
Bisoi, S., Haldar, D., Majumdar, T., Bhattacharya, N., Sarkar, G., & Ray, S., 2011, Correlates of Anemia Among Pregnant Women in Rural Area of West Bengal . The Journal of Family Welfare, 57( 1), 72-78.
Biswas, M., & Baruah, R.,2014, Maternal anaemia associated with socio-demographic factors among pregnant women of Boko-Bongaon Block Kamrup, Assam. Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research; 3(2), 712-721.
Chowdhury, H. A., Ahmed, K. R., Jebunessa, F., Akter, J., Hossain, S., & Shahjahan, M., 2015, Factors associated with maternal anaemia among pregnant women in Dhaka city. BMC Womens Health, 15(77), 1-6.
Das, B. S., 2012, Incidence of anaemia among the female tea garden workers in a tea plantation in upper Assam, India. Journal of Indian Medical Association, 110(2)84-87.
Das, N., 2016, Making of Tea Tribes in Assam: Colonial Exploitation and Assertion of Adivasi Rights. Journal of Adivasi and Indigenous Studies, III (1), 1-16.
DeMaeyer, E., 1989,Preventing and Controlling Iron Deficiency Anemia Through Primary Health Care. Geneva: World Health Organization.
Ensor, T., & Cooper, S, 2004, Overcoming Barriers to Health Service Access and Fluctuating Demand Side through Purchasing. Health, Nutrition and Population Policy, Discussion Paper of World Bank, pp 1-78.
Frass, K. A.,2015, Postpartum hemorrhage is related to the hemoglobin levels at labor: Observational study. Alexandria Journal of Medicine, 51(4), 333-337.
Galloway, R., & McGuire, J., 1994, Determinants of compliance with iron supplementation: Supplies, side effects, or psychology? Social Science and Medicine, 39(3), 381-390.
Gogoi, I., Mahanta, T. G., Sarma, R., Gogoi, P. P., & Saikia, H.,2016, Prevalence and socio-demographic factors affecting anaemia in pregnant women of Dibrugarh District, Assam, India. Indian Journal of Community Health, 28(2), 202-207.
Gogoi, M., 2011, Does anemic condition of women effect pregnancy complications: Evidences from North-Eastern states of india. Sixth African Population Conference.
Gogoi, M., & Prusty, R. K., 2013, Maternal Anaemia, Pregnancy Complications and Birth Outcome: Evidences from North-East India. Journal of North East India Studies, 3(1), 74-85.
Goodman, J., & Currie, J, 2010 Parental Socioeconomic Status, Child Health, and Human Capital. International Encyclopedia of Education, 2: 253-259.
Hallberg, L., Ryttinger, L., & Solvell, L. 1966, Side-Effects of Oral Iron Therapy a Double-Blind Study of Different Iron Compounds In Tablet Form. Journal of Internal Medicine, 180(S459), 3-10.
Haverkate, M., Smits, J., Meijerink, H., & Ven, A. v., 2014, Socioeconomic determinants of haemoglobin levels of African women are less important in areas with more health facilities: a multilevel analysis. Journal of Epidemiol Community, 64, 116-122.
Hazra, M. N., & Maitra, N., 2001, Anemia in Pregnancy. In U. krishna, D. Tank, & S. Daftary, Pragnancy at Risk: Current Concepts (pp. 229-232). New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd.
Laflamme, E. M., 2011, Maternal Hemoglobin Concentration and Pregnancy Outcome: A Study of the Effects of Elevation in El Alto, Bolivia. Mcgill J Medicine, 13(1), 47-55.
Lone, F., Qureshi, R., & Emmanuel, F.,2004, Maternal anaemia and its impact on perinatal outcome in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 10 (6), 801-807.
Mahashabde, P., Arora, V. K., Sharma, S., Shahjada, A., & Dabhi, H. M., 2014, Prevalence of Anemia and Its Socio-Demographic Determinants in Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study in Tertiary Health Care Setup in Central India. National Journal of Community Medicine, 5(1), 126-130.
Malakar, M., & Malakar, M., 2014, High prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women of Lakhimpur District of Assam. Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research,3(4), 314-321.
Mangla, M., & Singla, D., 2016) Prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women in rural India: a longitudinal observational study. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 5(10), 3500-3505.
Medhi, G. H., 2006, Study of health problems and nutritional status of tea garden population of Assam. Indian Journal of Medical Sciences, 60(12), 496-506.
Mithra, P., Unnikrishnan, B., Rekha, T., Nithin, K., Mohan, K., Kulkarni, V., et al., 2013, Compliance with iron-folic acid (IFA) therapy among pregnant women in an urban area of south India. African Health Sciences, 13(4), 880-885.
Nair, K. M., & Iyengar, V., 2009, Iron content, bioavailability & factors affecting iron status of Indians. Indian Journal of Medical Research,130, 634-645.
Nagata, J. M., Gatti, L. R., & Barg, F. K., 2012, Social determinants of iron supplementation among women of reproductive age: A systematic review of qualitative data. Maternal and Child Nutrition, 8 (1), 1-18.
Nwizu, E., Iliyasu, Z., Ibrahim, S., & Galadanci, H., 2011, Socio-Demographic and Maternal Factors in Anaemia in Pregnancy at Booking in Kano, Northern Nigeria. African Journal of Reproductive Health,15(4), 33-41.
Patterson, A. J., Brown, W. J., Roberts, D. C., & Seldon, M. R., 2001, Dietary treatment of iron deficiency in women of childbearing age. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 74 (5), 650-656.
Sharma, J., & Shankar, M., 2010 Anemia in Pregnancy. Journal of Internation Medical Sciences Academy, 23(4), 253-260.
Sharma, S. K., Narain, K., Devi, K. R., Mohapatra, P. K., Phukan, R. K., & Mahanta, J., 2012, Haemoglobinopathies – major associating determinants in prevalence of anaemia among adolescent girl students of Assam, India. WHO South-East Asia Journal of Public Health, 1(3), 299-308.
Singh, A., Kandpal, S., Chandra, R., Srivastava, V., & Negi, K., 2009, Anaemia amongst pregnancy and lactating women in district Deharadun. Indian Journal of Preventive & Social Medicine,40 (1), 19-22.
Singh, R. K., 2012, Life style behavior affecting prevalence of anemia among women in EAG states, India. Population Association of America 2012 Annual Meeting Program, (pp. 1-22). San Francisco, CA.
WB., 2004, Anemia: Public Health at a Glance . World Bank .
WHO., 2015The global prevalence of anaemia in 2011. Geneva: World Health Organization .
Balasubramanian, T., Aravazhi, M., & Sampath, S. D., 2016, Awareness of Anemia among Pregnant Women and Impact of Demographic Factors on their Hemoglobin Status. International Journal of Scientific Study, 3(2), 303-305.
Beard, J. L., 2000, Effectiveness and strategies of iron supplementation during pregnancy. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 71( Suppl. 1), 1288S-1294S.
Bora, G., Barman, S., & Barman, J. D., 2015, Maternal Anaemia: A Prevailing Burden In Assam, India. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences,14(3), 42-47.
Bisoi, S., Haldar, D., Majumdar, T., Bhattacharya, N., Sarkar, G., & Ray, S., 2011, Correlates of Anemia Among Pregnant Women in Rural Area of West Bengal . The Journal of Family Welfare, 57( 1), 72-78.
Biswas, M., & Baruah, R.,2014, Maternal anaemia associated with socio-demographic factors among pregnant women of Boko-Bongaon Block Kamrup, Assam. Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research; 3(2), 712-721.
Chowdhury, H. A., Ahmed, K. R., Jebunessa, F., Akter, J., Hossain, S., & Shahjahan, M., 2015, Factors associated with maternal anaemia among pregnant women in Dhaka city. BMC Womens Health, 15(77), 1-6.
Das, B. S., 2012, Incidence of anaemia among the female tea garden workers in a tea plantation in upper Assam, India. Journal of Indian Medical Association, 110(2)84-87.
Das, N., 2016, Making of Tea Tribes in Assam: Colonial Exploitation and Assertion of Adivasi Rights. Journal of Adivasi and Indigenous Studies, III (1), 1-16.
DeMaeyer, E., 1989,Preventing and Controlling Iron Deficiency Anemia Through Primary Health Care. Geneva: World Health Organization.
Ensor, T., & Cooper, S, 2004, Overcoming Barriers to Health Service Access and Fluctuating Demand Side through Purchasing. Health, Nutrition and Population Policy, Discussion Paper of World Bank, pp 1-78.
Frass, K. A.,2015, Postpartum hemorrhage is related to the hemoglobin levels at labor: Observational study. Alexandria Journal of Medicine, 51(4), 333-337.
Galloway, R., & McGuire, J., 1994, Determinants of compliance with iron supplementation: Supplies, side effects, or psychology? Social Science and Medicine, 39(3), 381-390.
Gogoi, I., Mahanta, T. G., Sarma, R., Gogoi, P. P., & Saikia, H.,2016, Prevalence and socio-demographic factors affecting anaemia in pregnant women of Dibrugarh District, Assam, India. Indian Journal of Community Health, 28(2), 202-207.
Gogoi, M., 2011, Does anemic condition of women effect pregnancy complications: Evidences from North-Eastern states of india. Sixth African Population Conference.
Gogoi, M., & Prusty, R. K., 2013, Maternal Anaemia, Pregnancy Complications and Birth Outcome: Evidences from North-East India. Journal of North East India Studies, 3(1), 74-85.
Goodman, J., & Currie, J, 2010 Parental Socioeconomic Status, Child Health, and Human Capital. International Encyclopedia of Education, 2: 253-259.
Hallberg, L., Ryttinger, L., & Solvell, L. 1966, Side-Effects of Oral Iron Therapy a Double-Blind Study of Different Iron Compounds In Tablet Form. Journal of Internal Medicine, 180(S459), 3-10.
Haverkate, M., Smits, J., Meijerink, H., & Ven, A. v., 2014, Socioeconomic determinants of haemoglobin levels of African women are less important in areas with more health facilities: a multilevel analysis. Journal of Epidemiol Community, 64, 116-122.
Hazra, M. N., & Maitra, N., 2001, Anemia in Pregnancy. In U. krishna, D. Tank, & S. Daftary, Pragnancy at Risk: Current Concepts (pp. 229-232). New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd.
Laflamme, E. M., 2011, Maternal Hemoglobin Concentration and Pregnancy Outcome: A Study of the Effects of Elevation in El Alto, Bolivia. Mcgill J Medicine, 13(1), 47-55.
Lone, F., Qureshi, R., & Emmanuel, F.,2004, Maternal anaemia and its impact on perinatal outcome in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 10 (6), 801-807.
Mahashabde, P., Arora, V. K., Sharma, S., Shahjada, A., & Dabhi, H. M., 2014, Prevalence of Anemia and Its Socio-Demographic Determinants in Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study in Tertiary Health Care Setup in Central India. National Journal of Community Medicine, 5(1), 126-130.
Malakar, M., & Malakar, M., 2014, High prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women of Lakhimpur District of Assam. Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research,3(4), 314-321.
Mangla, M., & Singla, D., 2016) Prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women in rural India: a longitudinal observational study. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 5(10), 3500-3505.
Medhi, G. H., 2006, Study of health problems and nutritional status of tea garden population of Assam. Indian Journal of Medical Sciences, 60(12), 496-506.
Mithra, P., Unnikrishnan, B., Rekha, T., Nithin, K., Mohan, K., Kulkarni, V., et al., 2013, Compliance with iron-folic acid (IFA) therapy among pregnant women in an urban area of south India. African Health Sciences, 13(4), 880-885.
Nair, K. M., & Iyengar, V., 2009, Iron content, bioavailability & factors affecting iron status of Indians. Indian Journal of Medical Research,130, 634-645.
Nagata, J. M., Gatti, L. R., & Barg, F. K., 2012, Social determinants of iron supplementation among women of reproductive age: A systematic review of qualitative data. Maternal and Child Nutrition, 8 (1), 1-18.
Nwizu, E., Iliyasu, Z., Ibrahim, S., & Galadanci, H., 2011, Socio-Demographic and Maternal Factors in Anaemia in Pregnancy at Booking in Kano, Northern Nigeria. African Journal of Reproductive Health,15(4), 33-41.
Patterson, A. J., Brown, W. J., Roberts, D. C., & Seldon, M. R., 2001, Dietary treatment of iron deficiency in women of childbearing age. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 74 (5), 650-656.
Sharma, J., & Shankar, M., 2010 Anemia in Pregnancy. Journal of Internation Medical Sciences Academy, 23(4), 253-260.
Sharma, S. K., Narain, K., Devi, K. R., Mohapatra, P. K., Phukan, R. K., & Mahanta, J., 2012, Haemoglobinopathies – major associating determinants in prevalence of anaemia among adolescent girl students of Assam, India. WHO South-East Asia Journal of Public Health, 1(3), 299-308.
Singh, A., Kandpal, S., Chandra, R., Srivastava, V., & Negi, K., 2009, Anaemia amongst pregnancy and lactating women in district Deharadun. Indian Journal of Preventive & Social Medicine,40 (1), 19-22.
Singh, R. K., 2012, Life style behavior affecting prevalence of anemia among women in EAG states, India. Population Association of America 2012 Annual Meeting Program, (pp. 1-22). San Francisco, CA.
WB., 2004, Anemia: Public Health at a Glance . World Bank .
WHO., 2015The global prevalence of anaemia in 2011. Geneva: World Health Organization .
Downloads
Published
2017-11-16
How to Cite
Dutta, P., & Sengupta, B. (2017). SOCIOECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF MATERNAL ANEMIA: A DISAGGREGATED LEVEL ANALYSIS FROM ASSAM, INDIA. Proceedings of the International Conference on Public Health, 3(1), 71–87. Retrieved from http://tiikmpublishing.com/proceedings/index.php/icoph/article/view/84
Issue
Section
Articles
License
The Conference Proceedings of International Conference on Public Health is entirely Open Access, which means that all published content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this Proceedings journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access.
Authors who publish with Conference Proceedings agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the Proceedings of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this conference proceedings.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the proceeding's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this conference proceedings.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
Licensing
Published articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
